01
We’re a medium-sized company, not a bank or critical infrastructure. Does NIS2 affect us?
Yes. NIS2 covers IT companies, manufacturing, logistics, healthcare, cloud services, and more. If you partner with larger companies, compliance will be mandatory to maintain business relationships.
02
What’s the real risk if we don’t comply?
Risks go beyond fines up to €10 million or 2% of global turnover with one of more of the following turn outs:
- Management can face personal financial penalties.
- Authorities can temporarily shut down your operations.
- Regulatory checks from both Bulgarian and EU authorities.
- Operational disruptions, loss of clients, damaged reputation.
03
How do I convince the management to invest in cybersecurity?
Conduct a quick impact analysis covering:
- Cost of downtime due to cyber incidents or regulatory actions.
- Consequences of data leaks.
- Loss of customer and partner trust.
- Cost of fines versus cybersecurity investment.
04
We have basic cybersecurity measures. Is that enough?
Not entirely. NIS2 requires a comprehensive approach including incident management, clear policies, training, and proven compliance — not just technical tools.
05
How much does NIS2 compliance cost?
It depends on your current state. An adequate approach is to do technical and documentation audits to identify current gaps. EU funding options can also assist.
06
What are the common mistakes companies make?
Believing cybersecurity is only the IT department’s responsibility. Buying expensive technology without an integrated strategy. Neglecting employee training. Failing to regularly test backups and response plans.
07
What’s the first step?
Conduct an audit (technical and documentation-based), then prioritize critical measures and develop a clear, step-by-step strategy.
08
What is the risk if different firms conduct separate administrative and technical audits?
The risk is significant. Unsynchronized audits cause gaps, inconsistencies, and lack a unified action plan. What do we do differently?
- Conduct simultaneous audits.
- Provide clear, prioritized action plans.
- Ensure consistency between administrative and technical measures.
09
How to prove NIS2 compliance to regulators?
Maintain clear documentation:
- Cybersecurity policies and incident management.
- Regular internal/external audits and penetration tests.
- Documented employee cybersecurity training.
- Tested backup systems and recovery plans.
- Continuous security monitoring and reporting.
- Contractual compliance assurance from suppliers. Tools like ISO 27001, NIST, or CIS Controls can simplify compliance demonstration.
10
Is cybersecurity training mandatory under NIS2?
Yes, training is explicitly required. Companies must regularly train employees, conduct phishing simulations, implement clear procedures, perform regular security assessments, and encourage incident reporting.
11
If you receive two different audits—administrative and technical—how can you ensure the measures aren’t contradictory?
To avoid contradictions between administrative and technical audits, it’s best to use a single provider for both audits. The benefits are as follows:
- Consistency: One provider ensures administrative and technical measures complement each other.
- Contextual Understanding: A single team offers integrated insights tailored to your organization’s specific needs.
- Reduced Conflict Risk Efficient internal communication within one provider prevents conflicting recommendations.
- Time and Resource Savings: Eliminates the need to coordinate and reconcile conflicting advice from separate auditors.
- Simplified Implementation: Results in a unified action plan, making compliance with NIS 2 easier. Administrative and technical audits cover different security aspects but must align:
- Clearly define audit framework based on NIS 2 standards.
- Analyze and reconcile findings from both audits through collaborative discussions.
- Use a compliance matrix linking policies to specific technical measures.
- Address potential conflicts by involving management to make balanced decisions.
- Regular monitoring and updates using compliance tools to ensure alignment.
12
If you had a tool showing your actual security level with specific improvement steps, would you use it?
Reasons to use such a tool:
- Objective evaluation of your current security posture.
- Specific, actionable improvement recommendations.
- Trackable progress over time to visibly enhance security.
13
Which phase is most critical for your business—policies, technology, or training? Must you choose one, or should they synchronize?
Rather than choosing one, we recommend an integrated approach since weaknesses in any area reduce overall security effectiveness. The phases can be described as:
- Policies: Essential for setting clear security guidelines.
- Technology: Provides practical protection against threats.
- Training: Crucial for ensuring effective implementation by employees.
14
If regulatory authorities from Bulgaria or the EU request evidence of your compliance in short notice, can you provide it immediately?
Immediate availability depends on having a centralized compliance management system, including:
- Security policies and procedures documentation.
- Technical evidence (logs, configurations, vulnerability assessments).
- Recent risk assessments and audit reports.
- Cybersecurity and incident response training records.
- Documentation of previous incidents and response measures. Without a centralized system, urgent data collection might result in non-compliance risks, delays, and potential penalties.